charlotte 发表于 2005-5-4 08:22:00

英语考试写作绝招(强烈推荐) 转自新东方论坛

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开头万能公式 <br>
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 <br>
  有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! <br>
  原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? <br>
  经典句型: <br>
  A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) <br>
  It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言) <br>
  更多经典句型: <br>
  As everyone knows, No one can deny that… <br>
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 <br>
  原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 <br>
  原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:<br>
  According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. <br>
  看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: <br>
  Honesty:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 <br>
  Travel by Bike:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 <br>
  Youth:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 <br>
  Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 <br>
  更多句型: <br>
  A recent statistics shows that …<br>&nbsp; <br>
结尾万能公式 <br>
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 <br>
  说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: <br>
  Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. <br>
  如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! <br>
  更多过渡短语: <br>
  to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus <br>
  更多句型: <br>
  Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… <br>
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 <br>
  如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!<br>
  Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. <br>
  这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? <br>
  更多句型: <br>
  Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. <br>
  Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken. <br>
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写作的“七项基本原则”<br>
一、 长短句原则 <br>
  工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: <br>
  As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. <br>
  如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! <br>
  强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。 <br>
二、 主题句原则 <br>
  国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! <br>
  特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! <br>
  To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. <br>
三、 一二三原则 <br>
  领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。<br>
  1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) <br>
  2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) <br>
  3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) <br>
  4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) <br>
  5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) <br>
  6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) <br>
  7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) <br>
  8)most important of all, moreover, finally <br>
  9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) <br>
  10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)<br>
  建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!<br>
四、 短语优先原则 <br>
  写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: <br>
  I cannot bear it. <br>
  可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. <br>
  I want it. <br>
  可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. <br>
  这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。 <br>
五、 多实少虚原则 <br>
  原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如: <br>
  走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room <br>
  但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room <br>
  小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room <br>
  小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room <br>
  老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room <br>
  所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩! <br>
六、 多变句式原则 <br>
  1)加法(串联) <br>
  都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: <br>
  I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. <br>
  如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:<br>
  Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. <br>
  其它的短语可以用: <br>
  besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover <br>
  2)转折(拐弯抹角) <br>
  批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。<br>
  The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. <br>
  The coat was thin, but it was warm. <br>
  更多的短语: <br>
  despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding <br>
  3)因果(so, so, so) <br>
  昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! <br>
  The snow began to fall, so we went home. <br>
  更多短语: <br>
  then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that <br>
  4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) <br>
  有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 <br>
  举例:This is what I can do. <br>
  Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. <br>
  同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:<br>
  When to go, Why he goes away… <br>
  5)附加(多此一举) <br>
  如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 <br>
  The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. <br>
  I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. <br>
  Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. <br>
  其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 <br>
  6)排比(排山倒海句) <br>
  文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!<br>
  Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. <br>
  Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. &nbsp;<br>
  We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) <br>
  要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!<br>
七、 挑战极限原则 <br>
  既然是挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! <br>
  原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: <br>
  The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. <br>
  Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. <br>
  如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! <br>
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文章主体段落三大杀手锏 <br>
一、举实例 <br>
  思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! <br>
  In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. <br>
  更多句型: <br>
  To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example <br>
二、做比较 <br>
  方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;<br>
  世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语:<br>
  相似的比较: <br>
  in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner <br>
  相反的比较: <br>
  on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, … <br>
三、换言之 <br>
  没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 <br>
  实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! <br>
  I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. <br>
  I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you. <br>
  或者上面我们举过的例子: <br>
  I cannot bear it. <br>
  可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. <br>
  因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it. <br>
  更多短语: <br>
  in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply<br>&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<br>

金陵少爷 发表于 2005-5-5 16:40:00

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